Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS) represents a challenging phase of MS, marked by a steady progression of symptoms. Understanding its types, treatment options, and recent therapeutic advancements is crucial for effective management. This article delves into the nuances of SPMS, offering insights into active and non-active forms, treatment choices, and the importance of informed healthcare decisions.
Understanding Secondary Progressive MS
Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS) is a stage of multiple sclerosis that follows the relapsing-remitting phase. It is characterized by a steady progression of symptoms without the clear relapses seen in earlier stages. This progression is due to accumulated nerve damage, which affects the ability of nerves to function properly (source). SPMS can be classified into two types: active or relapsing SPMS, where flare-ups still occur, and inactive or nonrelapsing SPMS, where symptoms worsen slowly without relapses (source).
Effective Treatment Options for Active SPMS
Treating active SPMS involves using disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) to manage the disease by reducing the frequency and severity of relapses. Medications such as Alemtuzumab, Cladribine, and Diroximel fumarate are commonly used for this purpose (source). Corticosteroid drugs are another option, aimed at reducing inflammation in the brain and spinal cord, though they are typically used for short durations due to potential side effects (source).
Newly Approved Therapies
Recent advancements in SPMS treatment include newly approved disease-modifying therapies designed to slow disease progression and reduce relapse frequency. Siponimod, Cladribine, and Mitoxantrone are among the medications that have received FDA approval for treating SPMS and active SPMS (source). Siponimod, for instance, acts on immune cells and requires regular monitoring due to side effects like high blood pressure and macular edema (source).
Managing Non-Active SPMS
For non-active progressing SPMS, where symptoms worsen without relapses, rehabilitation programs are beneficial. These programs incorporate physical, occupational, cognitive, and speech-language therapies to improve strength, mobility, and daily functioning (source). Additionally, lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, a balanced diet, and avoiding smoking can help manage symptoms and maintain general health (source).
Choosing the Right Treatment
Choosing the right treatment for SPMS involves a thorough discussion with a healthcare provider to understand the benefits and potential side effects of each option. This ensures an informed decision tailored to the individual’s specific type of SPMS (source). Regular communication with healthcare providers is crucial for managing SPMS, as they can adjust treatment plans and provide resources to ease daily living challenges (source).
Why You Should Learn More About SPMS Treatment Today
Understanding and exploring effective treatment options for secondary progressive MS is essential for managing the condition and maintaining quality of life. With advancements in disease-modifying therapies and a variety of treatment options available, individuals with SPMS can find strategies to slow disease progression and manage symptoms effectively. Engaging with healthcare providers and staying informed about new treatments can empower individuals to make informed decisions about their health and well-being.